`text` Element

Customizes the look and layout of text in a variety of ways.

This function is used frequently, both with set rules and directly. While the set rule is often the simpler choice, calling the text function directly can be useful when passing text as an argument to another function.

Example

#set text(18pt)
With a set rule.

#emph(text(blue)[
  With a function call.
])

Parameters

`font`

str array
Settable

A font family name or priority list of font family names.

When processing text, Typst tries all specified font families in order until it finds a font that has the necessary glyphs. In the example below, the font Inria Serif is preferred, but since it does not contain Arabic glyphs, the arabic text uses Noto Sans Arabic instead.

The collection of available fonts differs by platform:

In the web app, you can see the list of available fonts by clicking on the "Ag" button. You can provide additional fonts by uploading .ttf or .otf files into your project. They will be discovered automatically. The priority is: project fonts > server fonts.
Locally, Typst uses your installed system fonts or embedded fonts in the CLI, which are Libertinus Serif, New Computer Modern, New Computer Modern Math, and DejaVu Sans Mono. In addition, you can use the --font-path argument or TYPST_FONT_PATHS environment variable to add directories that should be scanned for fonts. The priority is: --font-paths > system fonts > embedded fonts. Run typst fonts to see the fonts that Typst has discovered on your system. Note that you can pass the --ignore-system-fonts parameter to the CLI to ensure Typst won't search for system fonts.

Default:"libertinus serif"

View example

#set text(font: "PT Sans")
This is sans-serif.

#set text(font: (
  "Inria Serif",
  "Noto Sans Arabic",
))

This is Latin. \
هذا عربي.

`fallback`

bool
Settable

Whether to allow last resort font fallback when the primary font list contains no match. This lets Typst search through all available fonts for the most similar one that has the necessary glyphs.

Note: Currently, there are no warnings when fallback is disabled and no glyphs are found. Instead, your text shows up in the form of "tofus": Small boxes that indicate the lack of an appropriate glyph. In the future, you will be able to instruct Typst to issue warnings so you know something is up.

Default:true

View example

#set text(font: "Inria Serif")
هذا عربي

#set text(fallback: false)
هذا عربي

`style`

str
Settable

The desired font style.

When an italic style is requested and only an oblique one is available, it is used. Similarly, the other way around, an italic style can stand in for an oblique one. When neither an italic nor an oblique style is available, Typst selects the normal style. Since most fonts are only available either in an italic or oblique style, the difference between italic and oblique style is rarely observable.

If you want to emphasize your text, you should do so using the emph function instead. This makes it easy to adapt the style later if you change your mind about how to signify the emphasis.

"normal"

The default, typically upright style.
"italic"

A cursive style with custom letterform.
"oblique"

Just a slanted version of the normal style.

Default:"normal"

View example

#text(font: "Libertinus Serif", style: "italic")[Italic]
#text(font: "DejaVu Sans", style: "oblique")[Oblique]

`weight`

int str
Settable

The desired thickness of the font's glyphs. Accepts an integer between 100 and 900 or one of the predefined weight names. When the desired weight is not available, Typst selects the font from the family that is closest in weight.

If you want to strongly emphasize your text, you should do so using the strong function instead. This makes it easy to adapt the style later if you change your mind about how to signify the strong emphasis.

"thin"

Thin weight (100).
"extralight"

Extra light weight (200).
"light"

Light weight (300).
"regular"

Regular weight (400).
"medium"

Medium weight (500).
"semibold"

Semibold weight (600).
"bold"

Bold weight (700).
"extrabold"

Extrabold weight (800).
"black"

Black weight (900).

Default:"regular"

View example

#set text(font: "IBM Plex Sans")

#text(weight: "light")[Light] \
#text(weight: "regular")[Regular] \
#text(weight: "medium")[Medium] \
#text(weight: 500)[Medium] \
#text(weight: "bold")[Bold]

`stretch`

ratio
Settable

The desired width of the glyphs. Accepts a ratio between 50% and 200%. When the desired width is not available, Typst selects the font from the family that is closest in stretch. This will only stretch the text if a condensed or expanded version of the font is available.

If you want to adjust the amount of space between characters instead of stretching the glyphs itself, use the tracking property instead.

Default:100%

View example

#text(stretch: 75%)[Condensed] \
#text(stretch: 100%)[Normal]

`size`

length
Settable

The size of the glyphs. This value forms the basis of the em unit: 1em is equivalent to the font size.

You can also give the font size itself in em units. Then, it is relative to the previous font size.

Default:11pt

View example

#set text(size: 20pt)
very #text(1.5em)[big] text

`fill`

color gradient pattern
Settable

The glyph fill paint.

Default:luma(0%)

View example

#set text(fill: red)
This text is red.

`stroke`

none length color gradient stroke pattern dictionary
Settable

How to stroke the text.

Default:none

View example

#text(stroke: 0.5pt + red)[Stroked]

`tracking`

length
Settable

The amount of space that should be added between characters.

Default:0pt

View example

#set text(tracking: 1.5pt)
Distant text.

`spacing`

relative
Settable

The amount of space between words.

Can be given as an absolute length, but also relative to the width of the space character in the font.

If you want to adjust the amount of space between characters rather than words, use the tracking property instead.

Default:100% + 0pt

View example

#set text(spacing: 200%)
Text with distant words.

`cjk-latin-spacing`

none auto
Settable

Whether to automatically insert spacing between CJK and Latin characters.

Default:auto

View example

#set text(cjk-latin-spacing: auto)
第4章介绍了基本的API。

#set text(cjk-latin-spacing: none)
第4章介绍了基本的API。

`baseline`

length
Settable

An amount to shift the text baseline by.

Default:0pt

View example

A #text(baseline: 3pt)[lowered]
word.

`overhang`

bool
Settable

Whether certain glyphs can hang over into the margin in justified text. This can make justification visually more pleasing.

Default:true

View example

#set par(justify: true)
This justified text has a hyphen in
the paragraph's first line. Hanging
the hyphen slightly into the margin
results in a clearer paragraph edge.

#set text(overhang: false)
This justified text has a hyphen in
the paragraph's first line. Hanging
the hyphen slightly into the margin
results in a clearer paragraph edge.

`top-edge`

length str
Settable

The top end of the conceptual frame around the text used for layout and positioning. This affects the size of containers that hold text.

"ascender"

The font's ascender, which typically exceeds the height of all glyphs.
"cap-height"

The approximate height of uppercase letters.
"x-height"

The approximate height of non-ascending lowercase letters.
"baseline"

The baseline on which the letters rest.
"bounds"

The top edge of the glyph's bounding box.

Default:"cap-height"

View example

#set rect(inset: 0pt)
#set text(size: 20pt)

#set text(top-edge: "ascender")
#rect(fill: aqua)[Typst]

#set text(top-edge: "cap-height")
#rect(fill: aqua)[Typst]

`bottom-edge`

length str
Settable

The bottom end of the conceptual frame around the text used for layout and positioning. This affects the size of containers that hold text.

"baseline"

The baseline on which the letters rest.
"descender"

The font's descender, which typically exceeds the depth of all glyphs.
"bounds"

The bottom edge of the glyph's bounding box.

Default:"baseline"

View example

#set rect(inset: 0pt)
#set text(size: 20pt)

#set text(bottom-edge: "baseline")
#rect(fill: aqua)[Typst]

#set text(bottom-edge: "descender")
#rect(fill: aqua)[Typst]

`lang`

str
Settable

An ISO 639-1/2/3 language code.

Setting the correct language affects various parts of Typst:

The text processing pipeline can make more informed choices.
Hyphenation will use the correct patterns for the language.
Smart quotes turns into the correct quotes for the language.
And all other things which are language-aware.

Default:"en"

View example

#set text(lang: "de")
#outline()

= Einleitung
In diesem Dokument, ...

`region`

none str
Settable

An ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 region code.

This lets the text processing pipeline make more informed choices.

Default:none

`script`

auto str
Settable

The OpenType writing script.

The combination of lang and script determine how font features, such as glyph substitution, are implemented. Frequently the value is a modified (all-lowercase) ISO 15924 script identifier, and the math writing script is used for features appropriate for mathematical symbols.

When set to auto, the default and recommended setting, an appropriate script is chosen for each block of characters sharing a common Unicode script property.

Default:auto

View example

#set text(
  font: "Libertinus Serif",
  size: 20pt,
)

#let scedilla = [Ş]
#scedilla // S with a cedilla

#set text(lang: "ro", script: "latn")
#scedilla // S with a subscript comma

#set text(lang: "ro", script: "grek")
#scedilla // S with a cedilla

`dir`

auto direction
Settable

The dominant direction for text and inline objects. Possible values are:

auto: Automatically infer the direction from the lang property.
ltr: Layout text from left to right.
rtl: Layout text from right to left.

When writing in right-to-left scripts like Arabic or Hebrew, you should set the text language or direction. While individual runs of text are automatically layouted in the correct direction, setting the dominant direction gives the bidirectional reordering algorithm the necessary information to correctly place punctuation and inline objects. Furthermore, setting the direction affects the alignment values start and end, which are equivalent to left and right in ltr text and the other way around in rtl text.

If you set this to rtl and experience bugs or in some way bad looking output, please get in touch with us through the Forum, Discord server, or our contact form.

Default:auto

View example

#set text(dir: rtl)
هذا عربي.

`hyphenate`

auto bool
Settable

Whether to hyphenate text to improve line breaking. When auto, text will be hyphenated if and only if justification is enabled.

Setting the text language ensures that the correct hyphenation patterns are used.

Default:auto

View example

#set page(width: 200pt)

#set par(justify: true)
This text illustrates how
enabling hyphenation can
improve justification.

#set text(hyphenate: false)
This text illustrates how
enabling hyphenation can
improve justification.

`costs`

dictionary
Settable

The "cost" of various choices when laying out text. A higher cost means the layout engine will make the choice less often. Costs are specified as a ratio of the default cost, so 50% will make text layout twice as eager to make a given choice, while 200% will make it half as eager.

Currently, the following costs can be customized:

hyphenation: splitting a word across multiple lines
runt: ending a paragraph with a line with a single word
widow: leaving a single line of paragraph on the next page
orphan: leaving single line of paragraph on the previous page

Hyphenation is generally avoided by placing the whole word on the next line, so a higher hyphenation cost can result in awkward justification spacing.

Runts are avoided by placing more or fewer words on previous lines, so a higher runt cost can result in more awkward in justification spacing.

Text layout prevents widows and orphans by default because they are generally discouraged by style guides. However, in some contexts they are allowed because the prevention method, which moves a line to the next page, can result in an uneven number of lines between pages. The widow and orphan costs allow disabling these modifications. (Currently, 0% allows widows/orphans; anything else, including the default of 100%, prevents them. More nuanced cost specification for these modifications is planned for the future.)

Default:( hyphenation: 100%, runt: 100%, widow: 100%, orphan: 100%, )

View example

#set text(hyphenate: true, size: 11.4pt)
#set par(justify: true)

#lorem(10)

// Set hyphenation to ten times the normal cost.
#set text(costs: (hyphenation: 1000%))

#lorem(10)

`kerning`

bool
Settable

Whether to apply kerning.

When enabled, specific letter pairings move closer together or further apart for a more visually pleasing result. The example below demonstrates how decreasing the gap between the "T" and "o" results in a more natural look. Setting this to false disables kerning by turning off the OpenType kern font feature.

Default:true

View example

#set text(size: 25pt)
Totally

#set text(kerning: false)
Totally

`alternates`

bool
Settable

Whether to apply stylistic alternates.

Sometimes fonts contain alternative glyphs for the same codepoint. Setting this to true switches to these by enabling the OpenType salt font feature.

Default:false

View example

#set text(
  font: "IBM Plex Sans",
  size: 20pt,
)

0, a, g, ß

#set text(alternates: true)
0, a, g, ß

`stylistic-set`

none int array
Settable

Which stylistic sets to apply. Font designers can categorize alternative glyphs forms into stylistic sets. As this value is highly font-specific, you need to consult your font to know which sets are available.

This can be set to an integer or an array of integers, all of which must be between 1 and 20, enabling the corresponding OpenType feature(s) from ss01 to ss20. Setting this to none will disable all stylistic sets.

Default:()

View example

#set text(font: "IBM Plex Serif")
ß vs #text(stylistic-set: 5)[ß] \
10 years ago vs #text(stylistic-set: (1, 2, 3))[10 years ago]

`ligatures`

bool
Settable

Whether standard ligatures are active.

Certain letter combinations like "fi" are often displayed as a single merged glyph called a ligature. Setting this to false disables these ligatures by turning off the OpenType liga and clig font features.

Default:true

View example

#set text(size: 20pt)
A fine ligature.

#set text(ligatures: false)
A fine ligature.

`discretionary-ligatures`

bool
Settable

Whether ligatures that should be used sparingly are active. Setting this to true enables the OpenType dlig font feature.

Default:false

`historical-ligatures`

bool
Settable

Whether historical ligatures are active. Setting this to true enables the OpenType hlig font feature.

Default:false

`number-type`

auto str
Settable

Which kind of numbers / figures to select. When set to auto, the default numbers for the font are used.

"lining"

Numbers that fit well with capital text (the OpenType lnum font feature).
"old-style"

Numbers that fit well into a flow of upper- and lowercase text (the OpenType onum font feature).

Default:auto

View example

#set text(font: "Noto Sans", 20pt)
#set text(number-type: "lining")
Number 9.

#set text(number-type: "old-style")
Number 9.

`number-width`

auto str
Settable

The width of numbers / figures. When set to auto, the default numbers for the font are used.

"proportional"

Numbers with glyph-specific widths (the OpenType pnum font feature).
"tabular"

Numbers of equal width (the OpenType tnum font feature).

Default:auto

View example

#set text(font: "Noto Sans", 20pt)
#set text(number-width: "proportional")
A 12 B 34. \
A 56 B 78.

#set text(number-width: "tabular")
A 12 B 34. \
A 56 B 78.

`slashed-zero`

bool
Settable

Whether to have a slash through the zero glyph. Setting this to true enables the OpenType zero font feature.

Default:false

View example

0, #text(slashed-zero: true)[0]

`fractions`

bool
Settable

Whether to turn numbers into fractions. Setting this to true enables the OpenType frac font feature.

It is not advisable to enable this property globally as it will mess with all appearances of numbers after a slash (e.g., in URLs). Instead, enable it locally when you want a fraction.

Default:false

View example

1/2 \
#text(fractions: true)[1/2]

`features`

array dictionary
Settable

Raw OpenType features to apply.

If given an array of strings, sets the features identified by the strings to 1.
If given a dictionary mapping to numbers, sets the features identified by the keys to the values.

Default:(:)

View example

// Enable the `frac` feature manually.
#set text(features: ("frac",))
1/2

`body`

content
RequiredPositional

Content in which all text is styled according to the other arguments.

`text`

str
RequiredPositional

The text.

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text Element Element functions can be customized with set and show rules. Element functions can be customized with set and show rules.

Example

Parameters Parameters are the inputs to a function. They are specified in parentheses after the function name. Parameters are the inputs to a function. They are specified in parentheses after the function name.

font str array Settable Settable parameters can be customized for all following uses of the function with a set rule. Settable parameters can be customized for all following uses of the function with a set rule.

fallback bool Settable Settable parameters can be customized for all following uses of the function with a set rule. Settable parameters can be customized for all following uses of the function with a set rule.

style str Settable Settable parameters can be customized for all following uses of the function with a set rule. Settable parameters can be customized for all following uses of the function with a set rule.

weight int str Settable Settable parameters can be customized for all following uses of the function with a set rule. Settable parameters can be customized for all following uses of the function with a set rule.

stretch ratio Settable Settable parameters can be customized for all following uses of the function with a set rule. Settable parameters can be customized for all following uses of the function with a set rule.

size length Settable Settable parameters can be customized for all following uses of the function with a set rule. Settable parameters can be customized for all following uses of the function with a set rule.

fill color gradient pattern Settable Settable parameters can be customized for all following uses of the function with a set rule. Settable parameters can be customized for all following uses of the function with a set rule.

stroke none length color gradient stroke pattern dictionary Settable Settable parameters can be customized for all following uses of the function with a set rule. Settable parameters can be customized for all following uses of the function with a set rule.

tracking length Settable Settable parameters can be customized for all following uses of the function with a set rule. Settable parameters can be customized for all following uses of the function with a set rule.

spacing relative Settable Settable parameters can be customized for all following uses of the function with a set rule. Settable parameters can be customized for all following uses of the function with a set rule.

cjk-latin-spacing none auto Settable Settable parameters can be customized for all following uses of the function with a set rule. Settable parameters can be customized for all following uses of the function with a set rule.

baseline length Settable Settable parameters can be customized for all following uses of the function with a set rule. Settable parameters can be customized for all following uses of the function with a set rule.

overhang bool Settable Settable parameters can be customized for all following uses of the function with a set rule. Settable parameters can be customized for all following uses of the function with a set rule.

top-edge length str Settable Settable parameters can be customized for all following uses of the function with a set rule. Settable parameters can be customized for all following uses of the function with a set rule.

bottom-edge length str Settable Settable parameters can be customized for all following uses of the function with a set rule. Settable parameters can be customized for all following uses of the function with a set rule.

lang str Settable Settable parameters can be customized for all following uses of the function with a set rule. Settable parameters can be customized for all following uses of the function with a set rule.

region none str Settable Settable parameters can be customized for all following uses of the function with a set rule. Settable parameters can be customized for all following uses of the function with a set rule.

script auto str Settable Settable parameters can be customized for all following uses of the function with a set rule. Settable parameters can be customized for all following uses of the function with a set rule.

dir auto direction Settable Settable parameters can be customized for all following uses of the function with a set rule. Settable parameters can be customized for all following uses of the function with a set rule.

hyphenate auto bool Settable Settable parameters can be customized for all following uses of the function with a set rule. Settable parameters can be customized for all following uses of the function with a set rule.

costs dictionary Settable Settable parameters can be customized for all following uses of the function with a set rule. Settable parameters can be customized for all following uses of the function with a set rule.

kerning bool Settable Settable parameters can be customized for all following uses of the function with a set rule. Settable parameters can be customized for all following uses of the function with a set rule.

alternates bool Settable Settable parameters can be customized for all following uses of the function with a set rule. Settable parameters can be customized for all following uses of the function with a set rule.

stylistic-set none int array Settable Settable parameters can be customized for all following uses of the function with a set rule. Settable parameters can be customized for all following uses of the function with a set rule.

ligatures bool Settable Settable parameters can be customized for all following uses of the function with a set rule. Settable parameters can be customized for all following uses of the function with a set rule.

discretionary-ligatures bool Settable Settable parameters can be customized for all following uses of the function with a set rule. Settable parameters can be customized for all following uses of the function with a set rule.

historical-ligatures bool Settable Settable parameters can be customized for all following uses of the function with a set rule. Settable parameters can be customized for all following uses of the function with a set rule.

number-type auto str Settable Settable parameters can be customized for all following uses of the function with a set rule. Settable parameters can be customized for all following uses of the function with a set rule.

number-width auto str Settable Settable parameters can be customized for all following uses of the function with a set rule. Settable parameters can be customized for all following uses of the function with a set rule.

slashed-zero bool Settable Settable parameters can be customized for all following uses of the function with a set rule. Settable parameters can be customized for all following uses of the function with a set rule.

fractions bool Settable Settable parameters can be customized for all following uses of the function with a set rule. Settable parameters can be customized for all following uses of the function with a set rule.

features array dictionary Settable Settable parameters can be customized for all following uses of the function with a set rule. Settable parameters can be customized for all following uses of the function with a set rule.

body content RequiredPositional Positional parameters are specified in order, without names. Positional parameters are specified in order, without names.

text str RequiredPositional Positional parameters are specified in order, without names. Positional parameters are specified in order, without names.

`text` Element

Parameters

`font`

str array
Settable

`fallback`

bool
Settable

`style`

str
Settable

`weight`

int str
Settable

`stretch`

ratio
Settable

`size`

length
Settable

`fill`

color gradient pattern
Settable

`stroke`

none length color gradient stroke pattern dictionary
Settable

`tracking`

length
Settable

`spacing`

relative
Settable

`cjk-latin-spacing`

none auto
Settable

`baseline`

length
Settable

`overhang`

bool
Settable

`top-edge`

length str
Settable

`bottom-edge`

length str
Settable

`lang`

str
Settable

`region`

none str
Settable

`script`

auto str
Settable

`dir`

auto direction
Settable

`hyphenate`

auto bool
Settable

`costs`

dictionary
Settable

`kerning`

bool
Settable

`alternates`

bool
Settable

`stylistic-set`

none int array
Settable

`ligatures`

bool
Settable

`discretionary-ligatures`

bool
Settable

`historical-ligatures`

bool
Settable

`number-type`

auto str
Settable

`number-width`

auto str
Settable

`slashed-zero`

bool
Settable

`fractions`

bool
Settable

`features`

array dictionary
Settable

`body`

content
RequiredPositional

`text`

str
RequiredPositional